Lothair advocated the principle that all of the assets in question had now become imperial properties due to the extinction of the Salian dynasty. The emperor, who had hoped for the complete conquest of Sicily, instead captured Capua and Apulia from Roger and bestowed them on Roger's enemies. Image Source: upload.wikimedia.org. The son of the Saxon count Gebhard of Supplinburg, his reign was troubled by the constant intriguing of the Hohenstaufens, Duke Frederick II of Swabia and Duke Conrad of Franconia. Lothaire II de Lotharingie (835 - 869) Saved by Geni.com. Lothair III, sometimes numbered Lothair II[a] and also known as Lothair of Supplinburg (1075 – 4 December 1137), was Holy Roman Emperor from 1133 until his death. Nonetheless, Anacletus could only secure the support of Roger II of Sicily, Innocent was, with the help of Bernard of Clairvaux, able to secure the support of King Louis VI of France and King Henry I of England. One of the best-known cases of a contested marriage in the early Middle Ages—involving Lothar II, King of Lotharingia (Lorraine), and his wife, Theutberga—illustrates the tensions between the secular and ecclesiastical visions of marriage and the issues that were at stake on both sides. He supported future emperor Henry V during his 1104 rebellion against his father Henry IV, and the ensuing disempowerment campaign, that culminated in the abdication of the emperor on December 31, 1105 and his son's coronation a few days later. [18][19], Lastly Lothair, in order to prevent the loss of Burgundy to a power hostile to the empire, appointed his loyal ally Conrad I, Duke of Zähringen as Rector of the Principatus Burgundiaey.[20]. This makes sense, since monarchies are hereditary, meaning that the eldest son of a king becomes king when the original king dies. His father Gebhard of Supplinburg joined the Saxon Rebellion against the ruling Salian dynasty and died on 9 June 1075 in the Battle of Langensalza, fighting troops loyal to emperor Henry IV. [16][17], Having both Saxon and Bavarian ancestry, the Supplinburg dynasty was a political opponent of the Salian dynasty and the House of Hohenstaufen. Carolingians Catholic Church Christian literature, Latin (Medieval and modern) Church history--Middle Ages Europe--Holy Roman Empire France--Lorraine Franks Germany Hincmar,--Archbishop of Reims, Italy Lothair--I,--Emperor, Lothair--II,--King of Lorraine, Theology Theology--Middle Ages But this is not the case for Lothair. Childerich also rules the Guild vs. Guild (GvG) province, Cor Belli, on the HMA map. King of Lorraine "The Carolingian" had a wife named Waldrada of Saxony and four children named Bertha Princess of, Hugues, Gisela, Ermengarde. Enluminures sur parchemin H 32,5+L25 cm, 221 folios reliés, BnF Larin 266- ENLUMINURE CAROLINGIENNE, 7) ECOLES DE COUR DE CHARLES LE CHAUVE ET LOTHAIRE, 7: Ils sont particulièrement ornés, comme le PSAUTIER DE CHARLES LE CHAUVE (après 869) et un fragment du SACRAMENTAIRE DE CHARLES LE CHAUVE. Ragu mentions him as "cunning and manipulative", although he doesn't show much of that. The campaign proved to be successful and indeed, Roger II of Sicily soon sought peace. A minority of the cardinals elected Innocent II before a majority of the cardinals appointed Anacletus II in a tumultuous process. Lothair III is a ruler in the High Middle Ages and he controls Veletrites and Canturia, which used to belong to his father, a very powerful king that had died. The Realm of the Franks under the Carolingian dynasty is traditionally viewed as precursor of both France and Germany because the fragmentation of the empire among the members of the The Marriage of Lothair and Theutberga. After the death of Louis in 840, Lothair tried to reclaim the power he'd originally wielded as emperor, but his two surviving brothers, Louis the German and ​ Charles the Bald, joined forces against him, and a bloody civil war ensued. EXAM 3 Question 1 In 1717, a porcelain factory opened in _. He was elected King of Germany and asserted himself against Leopold III of Austria and Charles the Good. Front or imperial side of the Cross of Lothair, dating c. 1000 CE, from the cathedral treasury at Aachen. [25] Emperor Lothair continued to avoid explicit resistance against papal impediments on his royal office. [2] 6. His name first appears in the contemporary records in 1088. In an act of royal consolidation policy Lothair established the Landgraviate of Thuringia, that encompassed the remaining and predominantly non-contiguous estates of the ill-fated former Merovingian Duchy of Thuringia. [15][32], The imperial troops, however, were adamant against campaigning during the hot summer and revolted. As Anacletus controlled St. Peter, Lothair's imperial coronation took place in the Lateran Basilica on 4 June 1133. [4] In 1100 he married Richenza, daughter of Count Henry of Northeim and Gertrude of Brunswick, heiress of the Brunonids. He ignored Innocent's bull, in which he advocated imperial authority derived from him and Lothair recognized papal claims to the vast Matildine estates in Northern Italy (formerly owned by Countess Matilda of Tuscany), although he was able to secure the territorial fiefs. How the Middle Ages Processed and Recycled Roman Culture. Lothair then isolated Frederick II as he placed him under Imperial ban and withdrew the Franconian ducal fief from Conrad. By Negotiation: He thanks you for the good trade agreements you've made. [15], The Süpplingenburg dynasty was only short-lived. Pedigree report of Lothaire II King of (King of Lorraine "The Carolingian") Lorraine, son of Lothaire I of Italy and Empress Ermengarde Tours Countess of, born about 0830 in Alsace,Lorraine,France. [22], In 1134 Lothar appointed the Ascanian Albert the Bear as Margrave of Brandenburg and in 1136 Conrad the Great of Wettin, already margrave of Meissen, for the office of the Margraviate of Lusatia, thereby uniting the two marches. [15], A military campaign against Soběslav was launched and in February 1126 Lothair's force entered Bohemian territory and was promptly defeated at the Battle of Chlumec. [23], The 1130 papal election had resulted in another schism. [29] At the Reichstag in Bamberg in 1135 the brothers were pardoned and restored to their office and estates. Author Mary Posted on April 13, 2019 March 24, 2019 Categories Carolingians, Middle Ages Tags adalberon, adelaide of anjou, arnulf of reims, charles duke of lorraine, emma of italy, hugh capet, lothair iii, louis v, otto ii, otto iii, Otto the Great, pope sylvester ii, saint valery Leave a … [13] Somewhat naive concerning the complex power struggle between the papacy and the empire, Lothair also consented to several symbolic acts that were subsequently interpreted by the Roman curia as signaling acceptance of papal confirmation of his position. Start This article has been rated as Start-Class on the project's quality scale. As a Saxon by birth, he was certainly more focused on that region than previous and future monarchs. For the French monarch, see, He was the second emperor named Lothair, but is numbered "Lothair III" by those who count as his predecessor. Childerich IV is a ruler in the High Middle Ages. Both popes claimed to have been legally elected and in a first collision Anacletus prevailed. Middle Francia was allocated to emperor Lothair I, the eldest son and successor of emperor Louis the Pious. The first armed engagements between Lothair and the Staufer took place as early as 1125 and increased in the years that followed. Greek Statue Effigy Ancestor History People Buddha Statue Royal Ancestry Statue Ii Kings Carolingian. His siblings are Lothair III, Karl der Krumme and Ludwig der Listige and they seek to take each other's land. [29] On the river Tronto, Count William of Loritello did homage to Lothair and opened the gates of Termoli to him. [7][9][10], Upon Emperor Henry V's death in 1125, Archchancellor Adalbert summoned the royal electoral assembly in Mainz. … 242 He was also known as Lothar II De Lorraine. "And why wake you?" [5][6], Lothair's land purchases, inheritance and marriage alliances among the Saxon nobles, resulted in the acquisition of the domains of the House of Billung and the Counts of Northeim. Gisela. [25] In March 1131 these three met in Liège, where Lothair performed the ceremonial strator service (stirrup holder) for the pope and promised help in the conflict against Anacletus and Roger II of Sicily. Middle Francia or the first state of Lotharingia (Latin: Francia media) was a short-lived Frankish kingdom which was created in 843 by the Treaty of Verdun after an intermittent civil war between the grandsons of Charlemagne resulted in division of the united empire. Circa 524 CE to 1300 . And Lothaire's father. He is the oldest of his siblings, Karl der Krumme, Childerich IV and Ludwig der Listige were fighting each other for their father's land. [36] A month later, pope Anaclet II's death also ended the papal schism. Selected Answer: Vienna, Austria Answers: Paris, France Vienna, The Ottonian Renaissance (951-1024) was a period of cultural and artistic achievement inspired by the revival of the Holy Roman Empire. Nov 9, 2015 - EVANGELIAIRE DE LOTHAIRE 1°, f 1v. Soběslav captured high-ranking nobles, like Albert the Bear and Louis I of Thuringia. Lothair, with the approval obtained at a meeting of the princes in Regensburg, attempted to seize the crown lands, which provoked a Staufer reaction. Conrad, on the other hand failed to acquire the desired assistance in Italy, and, having made no political progress, returned in 1130, which assured at least a partial victory for Lothair. Forge of Empires Wiki is a FANDOM Games Community. Permalink. But dogs that bark don't bite. However, Soběslav immediately went to meet Lothair at his camp and formally requested and received the fief of Bohemia. Lothair I or Lothar I (Dutch and Medieval Latin: Lotharius; German: Lothar; French: Lothaire; Italian: Lotario) (795 – 29 September 855) was emperor (817–855, co-ruling with his father until 840), and the governor of Bavaria (815–817), King of Italy (818–855) and Middle Francia (840–855). RUSSIAN WINTER, IN AGES LONG PAST What fresh humiliation does this day bring?" Little is known of Lothair's youth. His brothers rose up against him and fought for control of the kingdom. Karl der Krumme is a ruler in the High Middle Ages.He controls Frathia and Breturia, which used to belong to his father, an extremely powerful king that had died.His siblings, Lothair III, Childerich IV and Ludwig der Listige are enemies against each other. [25][15], In the northern empire Lothair finally succeeded and defeated the Staufers in 1135 thanks to the help of Henry the Proud, who had been the Duke of Bavaria since the death of his father, Henry the Black. 34,198 [NEED TO DEFINE SENTENCE: Alt. There are eight scenes describing the story. With the imperial cathedral Lothar has created an outstanding architectural monument. It is even possible that his father was Lothair II (and his grandfather was Lothair I), although we may never know. Your Highness! On December 3, 1137, Lothair died on the return journey at Breitenwang. For Christians living in western Europe during much of the Middle Ages, getting married was a relatively simple affair—a consenting exchange of vows between two people was all that was needed to legitimate a marriage in the eyes of the Church. Age By Force: He is furious about your attack on Canturia. In response, Conrad III deprived him of all his territories. [18], After Lothair's 1127 campaign against the Staufers had collapsed at the gates of Nuremberg, the Swabians and the Franconians declared Frederick's younger brother Conrad anti-king Conrad III. 5,000 The Province of Veletrites is one of the High Middle Ages provinces and consists of five sectors, ruled by Lothair III. Considering that biblical legends were at the center of the Middle Ages, this piece of art is rather important to understand that life and people (“The Lothair Crystal,” n.d.). [28] Eventually he arrived in Rome. Lothair III He carefully avoided hostilities but attempted to besiege Milan, which, however, failed. [24], Both popes offered Lothair the imperial crown. The succession was disputed among his surviving brother Soběslav I and his Moravian cousin Otto the Black, who was supported by Vladislaus' widow Richeza of Berg. His reign was more than just an episode between Salians and Staufer and considered an era of self-confident rule over the empire, even if his political vision of the establishment of a Welf kingdom on March 7, 1138 in Koblenz was destroyed by the “coup d'état” of the Staufers. Lothair was temporarily deposed in 1112, when Henry transferred the ducal title to Otto of Ballenstedt. Lothair III, sometimes numbered Lothair II and also known as Lothair of Supplinburg (1075 – 4 December 1137), was Holy Roman Emperor from 1133 until his death. Die Staufer und Kaiser Heinrich V.", "The battle of Chlumec and its political implications for the relations between Lothair III and prince Sobieslav I", Works by or about Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor, King Lothar's seal in high quality resolution, Frederick I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lothair_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor&oldid=1020892651, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 1 May 2021, at 17:21. View EXAM 3.docx from HIST 130 at Central Texas College. Henry completely lost control over the administration and the revenue of Saxony. Popular in France in the Middle Ages. [15], Lothair, now uncontested ruler, set out in 1136 with a sizeable army. He acted autonomously by vesting Count Adolf of Schauenburg with the newly established County of Holstein in 1111. [37] Their only son was Henry the Lion.[37]. Subsequently the Franks desired to rule the acquisition, which proved to be only partly successful, as a long process of depopulation and recurring population replacement by Franconians, Bavarians and Christianized Slavs followed. The Lothair Crystal is a gem representing the biblical story of Susanna, the first girl who was falsely abused. The contentious assets had long been administered together with other Salian domestic estates, their origin was hard to determine and difficult to separate. Adalbert of Mainz considered Lothair to be a suitable candidate. If you would like to participate, please visit the project page, where you can join the discussion and see a list of open tasks. Lothair was the eldest son of the Carolingian emperor Louis the Pious and his wife Ermengarde of Hesbaye, daughter … On August 24 the electors declined the candidacy of the primary contender Duke Frederick of Hohenstaufen, who destroyed his chances due to his appalling overconfidence (ambicone cecatus) and his refusal to accept free princely elections (libera electio). A Necessary Divorce? They all want to control their father's land. Louis the Pious, also called the Fair, and the Debonaire, was the King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. See more ideas about geneaology, ancestor, my family history. When his grave was opened in 1620, a sword and an imperial orb were found among other things. He was appointed Duke of Saxony in 1106 and elected King of Germany in 1125 before being crowned emperor in Rome. As the only surviving adult son of Charlemagne and Hildegard, he became the sole ruler of the Franks after his father's death in 814, a position which he held until his death, save for the period 833–34, during which he was deposed. Lothair II, king of Lotharingia. The Cross of Lothair (c. 1000): An example of the prestigious metalwork of the time. Lothair's diplomatic missions to the warring parties of Poland and Bohemia/Hungary were successful and resulted in overdue tribute payment by the Polish Duke Bolesław III Wrymouth for the 1121 established Duchy of Pomerania, which in addition to the island of Rügen was eventually secured as a fief of the Empire. The marriage with Richenza of the Brunonids in particular, made him the wealthiest nobleman among his fellow Saxons. [12][18] Lothair took advantage of Conrad's absence and weak position and resumed his attacks on the Staufers and in 1129 conquered the Staufer cities Nuremberg and Speyer. ... but reappeared as a military weapon during the last part of the Early Middle Ages. In early usage, there were many variants, including medium aevum, or "middle age", first recorded in 1604, and media saecula, or "middle centuries", first recorded in 1625. As his name is Lothair "III", it can be presumed that among his ancestors were "Lothair I" and "Lothair II". Shortly after Gebhard's death Lothair was born at Unterlüß. In 1136 the campaign against Roger began at the insistence of Innocent II and Byzantine Emperor John II Comnenus. Anti-king Conrad renounced his royal title,[30] The Staufers promised to take part in the Emperor's second Italian campaign, before a ten-year constitutio pacis was declared. Emperor and Pope eventually jointly bequeathed the duchy to Rainulf of Alife. [33] Innocent, however, protested, claiming that Apulia fell under papal reign. Mid Ivana the Bold asked her son, Lothaire, as guards escorted them to the vampire known as Stefanovich-the king of the Vampire Horde. In late 1125 Lothair joined Otto's side, who had advanced large sums of money. Ottonian Painting in the Early European Middle Ages. The 1129 appointment of Herman of Winzenburg to the comital office was a failure, as he allegedly was deposed a year later on charges of breach of the peace. Lothair III When Charlemagne’s son, Louis the Pious, died in 840 AD a civil war erupted between his three sons, Charles, Lothair and Louis, over this great inheritance. [12] Innocent II crowned Lothair King of the Romans again on 29 March 1131. The Middle Ages is one of the three major periods in the most enduring scheme for analysing European history: classical civilisation or Antiquity, the Middle Ages and the Modern Period. The sources, however provide conflicting dates. He already pursued active territorial policies before his royal tenure as early as 1111, when he installed count Adolf of Schauenburg in Holstein and Stormarn. This was the name of the daughter of Charles III, who went on to marry the Norman leader Rollo in the 10th century. [8] When in 1123 Henry V vested Count Wiprecht of Groitzsch with the Margraviate of Meissen, Lothair enforced the appointment of Conrad of Wettin and ceded the March of Lusatia to Count Albert the Bear. Peace was restored, prisoners set free and although the winner of the battle had submitted himself to the losing side, he secured full legitimacy and lasting prestige. His body was boiled to prevent putrefaction,[35] and his bones were transferred to the Collegiate Church of Saints Peter and Paul at Königslutter, which he had chosen as his burial site and for which he had laid the cornerstone in 1135. The adjective "medieval" (or sometimes "mediaeval" or "mediæval"), … 38,72,139,198,221,299,465,466 He was also known as Lothaire II Lorraine. [33] Lothair resided in Salerno from August to October 1137 and had copper coins (follari) minted in his name.[34]. The chief cause of this decline was lack of a government which could keep order. When Lothair and Innocent II argued over feudal sovereignty of the Duchy of Puglia and tensions among his troops arose, he abandoned the campaign and returned home. Though only nine, Lothaire could tell his mother's tone held a trace of recklessness. Lothair was eventually forced to admit defeat. The early Middle Ages may justly be called the Dark Age... During the early Middle Ages, from 476 to about 1100, European civilization slipped back into semi-barbarism. He is the oldest of his siblings, Karl der Krumme, Childerich IV and Ludwig der Listige were fighting each other for their father's land. [7] Emboldened by the promotion and incensed over the king's increasingly autocratic rule, such as the wanton imposition of a new tax on ducal lords, Duke Lothair joined the growing opposition party to Henry. When fully acquired, it gives the player loot. [12][14], Duke Vladislaus I of Bohemia died in 1125. Disputes arose with Duke Frederick II when he refused to hand over property to Lothair, which the king considered to be royal property, the Staufer on the other hand argued, that it belonged to the Salian heritage. This list contains all European emperors, kings and regent princes and their consorts as well as well-known crown princes since the Middle Ages, whereas the lists are starting with either the beginning of the monarchy or with a change of the dynasty (e.g. Lothair (French: Lothaire; Latin: Lothārius; 941 – 2 March 986), sometimes called Lothair III or Lothair IV, was the penultimate Carolingian king of West Francia, reigning from 10 September 954 … He was soon reinstated when count Otto fell into disgrace and he tactically submitted himself to Henry V. In 1115 however, he took command of the rebellious Saxon forces and defeated the emperor in the Battle of Welfesholz. [27], Lothair was accompanied by a modest troop contingent as most men were garrisoned in Germany to counter Staufer aggression. [26] His request for investiture restoration was rejected, but all rights and privileges as laid out in the Concordat of Worms were confirmed. The brutal conquest of the old Thuringii kingdom under king Chlothar I had left the area devastated. [1] Medieval writers divided history into periods such as the " Six Ages " or the " Four Empires ", and considered their time to be the last before the end of the world. Take your favorite fandoms with you and never miss a beat. After Lothair's death in 1137, the Hohenstaufen Conrad was elected King as Conrad III. In modern day usage, this is the German, Dutch, Spanish and Portuguese form of Giselle. The name is of Germanic origins and means pledge. Eventually, though, you gain control instead. He was also King of Aquitaine from 781. His grandson Count Gebhard, father of Emperor Lothair, possibly acquired the castle of Süpplingenburg about 1060 via his marriage with Hedwig, a daughter of the Bavarian count Frederick of Formbach and his wife Gertrud, herself a descendant of the Saxon margrave Dietrich of Haldensleben who secondly married the Billung duke Ordulf of Saxony upon Count Frederick's death. [11] Although the most powerful territorial prince in Saxony, he was of advanced age (slightly over fifty years of age) and had no male heir, not the ideal prerequisites for a long dynastic line of kings. The Cross of Lothair. England with the Norman king William the Conqueror, Spain with the unification of Castile and Aragon, Sweden with the Vasa dynasty, etc. In 1013, a certain Saxon nobleman named Liutger was mentioned as a count in or of the Harzgau subdivision of Eastphalia. He was also known as Lothaire II Lorraine. Henry the Proud, Lothair’s son-in-law and heir, refused to acknowledge the new king. For his loyalty Lothair was rewarded with the fief of title and estate of the Duchy of Saxony upon the death of duke Magnus of Billung, who had died without an heir in 1106. Middle Francia was allocated to emperor Lothair I, the eldest son and successor of emperor Louis the Pious. Lothair III is a ruler in the High Middle Ages and he controls Veletrites and Canturia, which used to belong to his father, a very powerful king that had died. [31] Two columns, one led by Lothair, the other by his son-in-law Henry the Proud arrived in Italy. He is sending threats and hatred your way. Carolingian Empire refers to the Realm of the Franks from the Imperial coronation of Charlemagne in 800 to election of the first non-Carolingian king in West Francia in 888. At the Ursulmas Medieval Faire, more slices of Middle Ages life will be on display, such as textiles, metal forging and smelting, and soap- and candle-making. The king was occupied with the Staufer resistance and once again it was Bernard of Clairvaux who convinced the souvereign to favor pope Innocent II. Emperor Lothar's policies and actions in the northern and eastern estates of the kingdom would have the longest-lasting impacts. He doesn't have any unique characteristics, apart from that he seems to be hostile against you and Ragu deems him "not smart and powerful enough to claim his birthright[1]". He was appointed Duke of Saxony in 1106 and elected King of Germany in 1125 before being crowned emperor in Rome. ''There is an envoy from Lothair III. Lothaire is the French form of Lothar. He died while returning from a successful campaign against the Norman Kingdom of Sicily. Platinum Collection Build Your Own Bundle. High Middle Ages. The front shows a cameo of the emperor Augustus. Roger offered to give Apulia as a fief of the Empire to one of his sons and give another son as a hostage, terms which Lothair refused after being pressured by Innocent II. This article is within the scope of WikiProject Middle Ages, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of the Middle Ages on Wikipedia. On the return trip, he gave his son-in-law Henry of Bavaria the Margraviate of Tuscany and the Duchy of Saxony. https://forgeofempires.fandom.com/wiki/Lothair_III?oldid=147554. 64,131 He was also known as Lothaire II King Of Lorraine. To secure Welf support for his election as king, Lothair married Gertrude to Henry X, Duke of Bavaria, on 29 May 1127. Dec 8, 2016 - Explore Hilary Grace's board "geneaology" on Pinterest. He also gave him the imperial insignia, which depending on the point of view was interpreted as designation for the new king or not. Maybe you should send back a message that is a little more biting. The Middle Ages is one of the three major periods in the most enduring scheme for analysing European history: classical civilisation, or Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the Modern Period. The Germanic Kingdoms which had been set up by 476 J. L. Bada, B. Herrmann, I. L. Payan and E. H. Man (1989), "Amino acid racemization in bone and the boiling of the German Emperor Lothar I", Bernhard of Süpplingenburg, Count of Harzgau, "Fidi milites? His lands are Jaims and Mons Suiry, the remains of what used to be his father's, a great and powerful king that had died.
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